Prepositions represent
relationships, either spatial or abstract, between objects. There are only about 50 prepositions and you already know them all. Here is a fairly complete list: aboard,
about, above, across, after, against, along, amid, among, anti, around, as, at,
before, behind, below, beneath, beside, besides, between, beyond, by, despite,
down, during, except, excepting, excluding, following, for, from, in, inside,
into, like, near, of, off, on, onto, opposite, outside, over, past, per, plus,
round, save, since, than, through, to, toward, towards, under, underneath,
unlike, until, up, upon, versus, via, with, within, without.
Prepositions may take objects
just as verbs may have objects.
The tie hung on him much as a
comatose basilisk would.
One cannot say the tie
hung on he.
Wrong: |
Correct: |
over I |
over me |
from she |
from her |
for who |
for whom |
of they |
of them |
As we learn verbs and nouns however, we must also note which
prepositions are used with them and how they affect the meaning of
the word. Let us examine, for example,
the verb "take" and consider the differences in meaning conveyed by:
take on undertake
or confront
take
off to remove an article
of clothing or an aircraft launching
take
over to capture, overrun
take
out to go on a date (with
someone)
take
in to provide
accommodation (for someone), to observe
take
after to emulate or resemble
(someone)
take
back to retract
take
apart disassemble
take
down to record (in writing),
to subdue (someone)
take for to
misidentify (someone as someone else)
Some of the terms in these
chapters must be used with the correct prepositions. Without knowing the correct preposition to use with
a noun or verb, knowing its definition is of little use. For example, the noun aversion and
its synonyms use a number of different prepositions:
It is aversion to but dislike
of/for, loathing of, distaste for and hatred of. When a term is associated predominantly with
one or two specific prepositions, chapter glossaries will indicate those prepositions
in square brackets ([]) with the more commonly used one given first based on
web usage frequency.